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Elizabeth, originally called Beauchamp's Mills, was founded in 1822 and named after Elizabeth Woodyard Beauchamp, the wife of David Beauchamp, who ran a mill there. David was the son of William Beauchamp Sr., an early settler and Methodist minister. Other early settlers in the area included Thomas Pribble, Isaac Enoch, and many others at places like Newark, Burning Springs, Goose Creek, Reedy Creek, and Spring Creek. Barney McGraw planted the first apple orchard in the Little Kanawha Valley in 1800. The first European explorers in the region were Jesse and Elias Hughes in 1772 and their brother-in-law, William Lowther.
