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In 1772, the Cox brothers (Friend, Israel, and Jonathan) claimed 1,200 acres in what is now Wellsburg. In March 1788, Charles Prather bought 481 acres from the Cox family for $3,000. In 1791, Prather asked Ohio County to create a town called Charlestown, named after him. In 1816, the town's name was changed to Wellsburg to avoid confusion with another Charlestown in Jefferson County.